What is a potential effect of aggregate shrinkage in concrete?

The potential effect of aggregate shrinkage in concrete is cracking as the concrete hardens and cures. When aggregates shrink, they can create internal stresses within the concrete matrix, especially during the drying process. This is significant because as water evaporates from the concrete, the volume can decrease, leading to tension within the hardened material. If the stresses exceed the tensile strength of the concrete, it results in cracking. These cracks can compromise the durability and integrity of the concrete structure over time, leading to further issues such as water infiltration and reduced load-bearing capacity.

The other options do not directly relate to the effects of aggregate shrinkage. For instance, increased compressive strength and enhanced bonding with cement are generally associated with the proper size and grading of aggregates, while more efficient water retention is more about the properties of the aggregates and the mix design rather than shrinkage itself. Therefore, understanding the implications of aggregate shrinkage is crucial for ensuring the longevity and stability of concrete structures.